Antitoxin as a Prophylactic

Quinine as a Malaria Prophylactic

Toxin-Antitoxin Systems as Multilevel Interaction Systems

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic modules usually composed of a toxin and an antitoxin counteracting the activity of the toxic protein. These systems are widely spread in bacterial and archaeal genomes. TA systems have been assigned many functions, ranging from persistence to DNA stabilization or protection against mobile genetic elements. They are classified in five types, dependi...

Inoculation as a Prophylactic of Cholera

or modes, whose results are the symptoms we call cholera. Thirty years ago I published in India, and very often since, that at certain recurrent periods almost any change might lead to the evolution of cholera, I viewed cholera as having evolved in the natives of India, owing to the inherent weakness of their vitality, or, in chemical language, that the molecular bonds of the protop asm of the ...

P149: Statin and Vitamin D as a Prophylactic Medication for Migraine

Migraine is a primary headache disorder that is characterized by severe headaches and impairment of autonomic nervous system function. This neurovascular disorder ranks as the eighth cause of disability in the world. Migraine is basically an inflammation problem caused by activation of the trigeminal neurovascular complex. Neuropeptides like serotonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and...

Prolonged Prophylactic Protection from Botulism with a Single Adenovirus Treatment Promoting Serum Expression of a VHH-Based Antitoxin Protein

Current therapies for most acute toxin exposures are limited to administration of polyclonal antitoxin serum. We have shown that VHH-based neutralizing agents (VNAs) consisting of two or more linked, toxin-neutralizing heavy-chain-only VH domains (VHHs), each binding distinct epitopes, can potently protect animals from lethality in several intoxication models including Botulinum neurotoxin sero...